| Composite Capitals - |
Composite capitals, not even mentioned by Vitruvius, combined Ionic volutes and Corinthian acanthus leaves. The Echinus contains and egg-and-dart ornamentation between the volutes. This element is one difference between Corinthian and Composite |
| Non-tapered - |
An extremely modern design, the non-tapered column is mentioned
nowhere in any of the classical treatises of Architecture. The upper
diameter and lower diameter remains the same throughout the column. |
| Tapered - |
A Tapered Column in Architecture is a column where Two-Thirds of
the way to the top of the column a bow is presented an creates an
architectural illusion. The diameter at the top of the column will
be Five-Sixths that of the diameter at the bottom of the capital. |
| Volute - |
A spiral scroll-like ornament used on an Ionic capital. |
| Acanthus - |
an ornamentation as used on the Corinthian and Composite Columns,
representing or suggesting the leaves of the acanthus |
| Architrave - |
The lowermost part of an entablature that rests directly on top
of a column. Also called epistyle. |
| Greek Doric - |
The oldest and simplest of the three main orders of classical Greek
architecture, characterized by heavy fluted columns with plain, saucer-shaped capitals and no base. |
| Roman Doric - |
A classical order dating from late Roman times, formed by superimposing
Ionic volutes on a Corinthian capital. The composite volutes are
larger, however, and the composite order also has echinus with egg-and-dart
ornamentation between the volutes. |
| Fluted - |
Vertical parallel grooves on a classical architectural column |
| Tuscan Base - |
Consisting of a square plinth Eight-Sixths wide of the diameter
and a thick torus set tangent to the edge of the plinth. The plinth
of the Tuscan base should be circular in form and a small fillet
called the cincture set in from the torus and capped with a conge
which transitions the fillet to the shaft which is one diameter wide.
The total height of the base is one-halve of the diameter. |
| Attic Base - |
Consisting of an upper and lower torus, the attic base is separated
by a scotia (hollow concave molding) and fillets. |
| FRP Columns - |
Fiberglass-Reinforced Polymer. A construction material used as
a light-weight structural support. It’s exact make up differs
from product to product. Generally the plastic is either a either
a thermoplastic or thermoset resin. And uses a reinforcing agent
such as carbon, aramid or other reinforcing materials. |
| Abacus - |
a slab that forms the uppermost division of the capital of a column |
| Corinthian Capital - |
The most common Roman order, the Corinthian capital has two rows
of acanthus leaves, with stalks sprouting to form spirals (volutes)
at the angles. Surmounting the capital is an abacus with an acanthus
flower in the center of each side. |
| Tuscan Capital - |
The Tuscan Capital consist of an abacus, echinus, necking and astragal.
Plain with no designs on the capital the Tuscan Capital’s height
is half that of the shaft diameter. |
| Ionic Capital - |
The Ionic Capital consist of an echinus and abacus crowned by a
Cyma Reversa and fillet. The height is Two-Sixths that of the diameter
of the shaft. The abacus and its fillets extend beyond the echinus
on either side and are curl up into scrolls (volutes). |
| Doric Capital - |
The Doric Capital consist of an echinus, astragal, abacus, cyma
reversa and fillet. While Considered plain the Doric Capital is similar
to the Tuscan but with a few more added decorations. |
| Astragal - |
A narrow convex molding often having the form of beading. |
| CPVC - |
Cellular PVC is created by celuka, a foaming extrusion process
that creates tiny air bubbles within the shape, resulting in a density
less than half that of regular PVC (polyvinyl chloride). |
| Echinus - |
A convex molding just below the abacus of a Doric capital. |
| Frieze - |
In architecture the frieze is the wide central section of an entablature
and may be plain or decorated. |
| High-Density Urethane - |
High-Density Urethane is poured into molds in a liquid state, urethane
then hardens to the shape of the mold. It is a closed cell structure
that comes in a variety of densities and can be sawed, sanded, drilled
and carved with ordinary carpentry tools. |
| Pilaster - |
A rectangular column with a capital and base, projecting only slightly
from a wall as an ornamental motif. |
| Plinth - |
a block upon which the moldings of an architrave or trim are stopped
at the bottom |
| Vignola - |
Vignola, Giacomo da , 1507–73, one of the foremost late Renaissance
architects in Italy. Universally known for his treatise (1562) on
the five orders of architecture, it undertook to formulate definite
and minute rules for proportioning the classical orders. |
| Vitruvius - |
Marcus Vitruvius Pollio late 1st cent. B.C. and early 1st cent.
A.D., Roman writer, engineer, and architect for the Emperor Augustus.
In his one extant work, De architectura (c.40 B.C., tr. 1914), he
discussed in 10 encyclopedic chapters aspects of Roman architecture,
engineering, and city planning. |
